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(No Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet 1.

C. W. WEISS.

SEWING MACHINE. No. 399,364. Patented Mar. I2, 1889.

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3 Sheets-Sheet 2.

(No Model.)

C. W. WEISS.

SEWING MACHINE.

Patented Mar. 12, 1889.

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SEWING MACHINE. No. 399,364. Patented Mar. 12, 1889.

llNiTnn STATES PATENT OFFICE.

CHARLES `W. YEISS, OF BROOKLYN, ASSIGNOR OF ONE-HALF TO CHARLES KRSE, OF NEV YORK, N. Y.

SEWING-MACHINE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 399,364, dated March 12, 1889.

Application filed December 8, 1887. Serial No. 257,310. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern,.-

Bc it known that I, (lI-IARLES TV. WEISS, of Brooklyn, in the county of Kings and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Sewing-l\lachines; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full and exact description thereof, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and tothe letters of reference marked thereon,

making a part of this speciii cation, in which- 5 Figure 'l is a side elevation, partly in section, of in v improved machine with the looper in its extreme'forward position; Fig. Q, a similar elevation of the lower portion of the machine, showin the looper in its ex treme backward position. Figs. 23 to t illustrate the formation of a stitch by the movements of the looper in connection with the needle; Fig. 7, an elevation of the front end of the machine with the parts above the table broken away; Fig. S, a detached elevation of the loopershal't and its bearings and of the proximate end of the main shaft, showing the looper midway Of 'its stroke.

Similar letters of reference indicate like parts in all olf the figures.

My invention relates to iinlnovements in the construction and opcratitm of the looper j or horizontal needle in a doulle-chain-stitch sewing-machine, and has [for its object to simplify the mechanism and obtain greater freedonl and rapidity of movement therein.

lt consists in the combination, with the reciprocating needle in a sewiiig-machine, of a longitudinally] crfora1ed looper traversing the path of the needle, and having a compound rotary and longitudii1ally-reciprocati in movement, as herei naftcr fully described.

It consists, also, in devices, as hereinafter t sect in the course of lts movements the line 9o described and claimed, for imparting the longitudinally-reciprocatin an d simultaneous rotating movement to the looper in proper correspoinlence with the vertically-reoiproeating movements of the needle.

ln the accompanying drawings, A represents the bed-plate; lz, the clothplateg C, the frame l), the vibrating needle-arm; E, the needle-bar; F, the presser-foot bar; G, the driving-shaft, and D' the eccentric on said shaft G, by which the needle-arm is oscillated.

l The shaft G is longitudinally perforated from end to end. Upon its inner end is mounted a collar, H, from which an arm, l, extends at an angle of about forty-live degrees, more or the end of the shaft upon the bed-plate A to support a tubular head, K. The looper-shaft L is fitted to rotate and reciprocate freel)v within this head, and the head is so inclined the cloth-plate l5. In the drawings, Figs. l and 2, the looper-shaft is shown as inclined in a line which, extending from a point in front or to the left of the needleliole in said point about midway between the end of the shaft and the pedestal J g but this angle may f be varied in accordance with the throw or length of reciprocating movement required in the looper, the throw decreasing in propor- 7o tion as the angle of inclination is reduced and the looper-shaft made to approach a straight line coincident with the axis of the shaft.

An arm, M, is secured to the rear end of the looper-shaft L to project radially therefrom 7 5 far enough to intersect the arm I of the shaft G, and the two are coupled by a universal joint, which may be formed by a ball upon f the end of the arm I iittin g in a slot or recess block, M', of hard metal secured to the end of said arm, as shown in Fig. l.

A looper, N, formed of alongitudinally-per forated needle curved at its outer end, as

shown in Figs. l. and 3 to 6 of the drawings, 85

is fitted in the open end of the tulmlarloopershaft L to project therefrom as an extension thereof, and is secured by a set-screw, O. The looper il is so adjusted in length as to interl shall revolve with the wheel or arm about the roo less. A pedestal, J, is mounted in front of 55 as that the rod shall extend at an angle with 6o plate, intersects the axis of the shaft G at a 65 in the end of the arm )l or in a detachable 8o axis of the shaft as the latter rotates. A second eye, R, is mounted upon a post, R', fixed to the bed-plate A at. one side of the axis of the shaft and in front of the end thereof, and a spring-actuated tension device, S, of any approved description, is fitted upon a pillar, S', near to the stationary eye R, as shown in Figs. l, 2, 7, and S.

In the use of the machine a thread, 23, isled.

from a spool mount-ed upon a suitable spoolholder out between the disks of the tension device S, and through the stationary eye R and revolving eye P to the proximate end of the main shaft G, thence through the longitudinal perforation in said shaft to the tubular loopershaft L, and through said shaft and the looper N out through the end of said looper. The threading of the main shaft, looper-shaft, and looper is readily effected by the use of a long slender wi re having an eye in its end to engage the thread.

In operation the rotation of the main shaft G will produce in unison with the customary vertically -reciprocating movements ot the needle-bar E and needle ',l, carried thereby, a longitudinally-reciprocating as well as rotary movement of the looper-shaft L and looper N. The looperN is so adjusted in the looper-shaft as that, as it passes forward beyond the line of movement of the needle l at the moment the needle has .passed its lowest point and is commencing its upward stroke, so as to :form with the thread l, which it carries, an open loop, 2, the curved end of the looper is turned with its point downward and slightly sidewise in. proper position to readily enter said loop 2, as shown in Fig. S, the needle being on the outer side of the looper. The looper,moviug through the loop 2 left by the ascending needle, carries with it the thread 3, extending throl'lgh the shaft G. As the ncedle rises, the looper continues its forward movement, and, rotating upon its axis,is so far turned as that by the time it fully reaches the end of its forward stroke (at which time the needle has reached its highestrpoint as shown in Figs. l and 4) its curved end is turned upward, and, continuing to revolve as it moves backward, it is turned sidewise as well as slightly upward by the time it again passes under the needle, which, having in the meantime descended, will pass, as shown in Fig. 5, on theinner side of the looper, between it and the thread 3, which it delivers, and in front of the loop 2, still remaining on thelooper. As the looper continues its retrograde movement and the needle its descent, t-he needle passes down between the looper and the thread 3, extending therefrom, and said thread, after being thus engaged by the needle, is drawn through the loop 2, which, as the looper moves back, is slipped off of its point upon the thread 3, thereby forming a stitch,whicl1 will be tightened and drawn up to the fabric, as shown in Fig. 6, by the tension produced by the descent of the needle in connection with the backward movement of the looper, as set forth.

As the needle rises, the thread is slackened, so as to produce a loop, through which the looper in its forward movement will again pass, in manner as hereinbefore described and as illustrated in Fig. 3, it having meantime revolved sufficiently to bring its point around into proper position .for the purpose. These movements are produced noiselessly and may be made with great rapidi-ty and precision. As the shaft G rotates, the 'eye P, carried thereby, is brought into close proximity to the stationary eye R at the 1n ement thel looper has completed its forward stroke. As the looper moves back, the eye P is carried farther and farther from the eye l, thereby tightening the stitch and taking up the slack thread produced by the retrograding movement of the looper, and also drawing more thread from the spool suflicient to form a stitch. As the looper is moving forward again, the eye P gradually approaches the eye R, and thereby slaekens the thread 3 just drawn from the spool to pass freely forward with the looper, as required in forming a new stitch. The tension of the thread as it is drawn from the spool maybe furthermore controlled and kept uniform either by means ot' a simple tension device, S,4 consisting of a stationary disk, a, against which a movable disk, Z), is held by means of a spiral spring, c, as shown in Figs. l, 2, and 9, (the thread being carried between the disks a 5,) or by other of the tension devices known to the art.

By forming a longitudinal perforation through Vthe looper and carrying theY lower thread through said perforation I avoid the necessity of using a bobbin or shuttle to carry said lower thread and I prevent the thread delivered by the looper from twistin I am thereby enabled to form a Grover t Baker stitch with the machine by means of a rotating looper instead of a reciprocating hook to carry the lower thread, and to increase also the speed ol' the machine and the number of stitches formed per minute. Furthermore, the machine maybe constructed by my invention in a simpler manner and at a greatlyreduced cost as compared with the machines heretofore constructed for the same work.

I claim as my inventionl. The combination, with the reeiprocatin g needle in a sewing-machine, of a looper which has a rotary movement about its longitudinal axis and a simultaneous reciprocating movement in the direction of said axis, and which is formed with a longitudinal perforation extending through it, substantially in the manner and for the purpose herein set forth.

2. The combination, with the reciprocating needle in a sewing-maehine, the main rotate ing shaft actuating the same, and a loopershaft and looper mounted to rotate and reciprecate upon its longitudinal axis in front of the end otsaid main shaft and to traverse thev path of the needle, of an arm projecting radi` ally from the end of the main shaft outwardly IOO IIO

at an angle therewith, and a crank-arm upon the proximate end of the looper-shaft coupled to said radial arm by a universal joint, substantially in the manner and for the purpose herein set forth.

5). The combination, in a sewing-machine, of the lon git u din all y-perforated rotatin g shaft G, the longitudinally-pertorated looper-shaft L, rotating' and reoiprocating,1 upon its longitudinal axis at an angle with said shaft G, the mechanism, substantially as described, for actuatingthelooper-shaftby means of the rotation of the shaft G, the longitudinally perforated looper N, carried by the shaft L, and the reciprocating needle T, traversing the line of movement ot' the looper, substantially in the manner and for the purpose herein set forth.

4. The combination, in a sewing-machine, of the lon gitudinally-perforated rotating shaft G, the lon gitudinallyperforated looper-shaft L, rotating' and reciprocating upon its longitudinal axis atan angle with said shaft G, the crank-arm M upon the inner end of said looper-shaft, the outwardly -inclined radial arm I, iitted upon the proximate end of the shaft G and coupled to said crank-arm M by a uni\\'ersal joint, the curved longitudinally perforated looper N, fitted to the opposite end of the looper-shaft L, a reciprocating needle, T, traversing the line of movement of the looper to intersect the same, and mechanism, substantially as described, for actuating the needle by means of the rotation of the shaft G, all substantially in the manner and for the purpose herein set forth.

In testimony lwhereof I have signed my name to this speciiication in the presence of two subscrilng Witnesses.

CHAS. W. WElSS.

Witnesses:

A. N. JEsBERA, NI. WATSON. 

